Research / 23 February 2026

Validating an ILE kite model against wind-tunnel measurements.

A Vortex Step Method with XFoil-based polars, integrated into GENEPI, is compared with the wind-tunnel dataset of Poland et al. (2025).

Computed pressure coefficient distribution over an inflatable leading-edge kite
ILE kite aerodynamic model: computed pressure coefficient distribution.

Accurate validation against experimental data is the best way to build trust in an aerodynamic model, especially when we want a method that is fast enough for design iteration, yet still predictive across operating points.

Here is our validation of an Inflatable Leading Edge (ILE) kite using the wind-tunnel dataset from Poland et al. 2025 (https://lnkd.in/dUBcWvYt)

On the modeling side, we use the Vortex Step Method (VSM) and feed it with XFoil-based 2D polars as aerodynamic input. The VSM implementation is based on Airborne Wind Energy Research Group's / TU Delft | Aerospace Engineering open source code (https://lnkd.in/dmTb_xcY) interfaced within our GENEPI software.

The computed aerodynamic loads show excellent agreement with the experimental measurements, especially at operating lift coefficients. This highlights that a low-order model, when paired with consistent geometry and well-prepared polar data, can achieve high accuracy at a fraction of the computational cost of higher-fidelity CFD. Special thanks to Jelle Poland for the wind tunnel data and for helping us with this validation case !

Lift coefficient CL against drag coefficient CD: black squares are Poland et al. 2025 wind-tunnel data and red triangles are GENEPI VSM with XFoil at Reynolds number 500,000
Lift–drag polar at Re = 5 × 10⁵. Black squares: Poland et al. (2025) wind-tunnel data. Red triangles: GENEPI VSM with XFoil. Original plot from the LinkedIn post.

#KiteEngineering #WindTunnel #Aerodynamics #LiftingLine #VortexStepMethod #XFoil #Validation #ILE #LEIKite #AirborneWindEnergy

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This update was also shared on the FAIR aero LinkedIn page.

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